Student interpretations of phylogenetic trees in an introductory biology course.

CBE Life Sci Educ · 2014 · PMC4255353 · PMID 25452489

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0700

closest p · 1.4× alpha

0.0900

boldest claim

The sentences

marginal significancep = 0.07so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

We tested the hypothesis that improved reasoning leads to improved answer selection, after controlling for assessment, and found marginal significance ( F (2,20) = 3.09, p = 0.07).

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marginally significantp = 0.09so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Looking at specific differences within this general hypothesis, we found a significant improvement in answer selection between groups who had correct reasoning versus those with incorrect reasoning ( t (20) = 2.28, p = 0.03), marginally significant improvement between correct versus mixed reasoning ( t (20) = 1.80, p = 0.09), and an insignificant difference between mixed versus incorrect reasoning ( t (20) = 0.64, p = 0.53).

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