Increase in the oxidised low-density lipoprotein level by smoking and the possible inhibitory effect of statin therapy in patients with cardiovascular disease: a retrospective study.

Importantly, it has been shown that among other risk factors, cigarette smoking alone is a highly significant risk factor for coronary spasm, 20–24 and treatment with fluvastatin reduced the coronary spasm. 25 Thus, smoking cessation combined with statin therapy would be beneficial for prevention of ischaemic heart disease by reducing progression of atherosclerosis and suppressing coronary spasm.

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