highly significantP < 0.05
In the alaat1;2 background, genotype was determined to be highly significant using a two-way ANOVA (α = 0.05, P < 0.05) (grouping data from independent insertion); statistical analysis indicated that only lines containing OsAnt1 : HvAlaAT , 35S : MmAlaAT1 and 35S : PfAlaAT had significantly longer tap root lengths compared to alaat1;2 at 16 DAS ( P < 0.05) ( S4A Fig. ).