Investigation on up-flow anaerobic sludge fixed film (UASFF) reactor for treating low-strength bilge water of Caspian Sea ships.

As illustrated in the Figure 7 , the COD removal efficiency went through an increasing trend from a low amount of 59% to a maximum of 77% during the first 46 days except at the beginning of each OLR increment, there was a corresponding decrease in COD removal efficiency but the system recovered shortly and adapted to the new conditions with time like the start-up period [ 14 , 26 ].

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