Differential contributions of ammonia oxidizers and nitrite oxidizers to nitrification in four paddy soils.

Assuming linear kinetics, the net nitrification activity was estimated as the rate of increase in the soil nitrate concentration, which showed a decreasing trend from ZY to JD to LZ and finally to JX, with ∼11.9, 9.46, 3.03 and 1.43 μg NO 3 − -N g −1 d.w.s. per day, respectively.

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This was further supported by an increasing trend in the soil ammonium concentrations, with ∼119, 243, 600 and 706 μg NH 4 + -N g −1 d.w.s. for the ZY, JD, LZ and JX soils, respectively ( Supplementary Figure S2 ).

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