The largest and most prolonged of these, the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT in the United States and Canada) for type 1 diabetes 5 and the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS, in the United Kingdom) for type 2 diabetes, 6 showed statistically highly significant reductions in the incidence of retinopathy and in its progression by several criteria in patients who were randomized to tight blood glucose control, by comparison with those randomized to the “standard” blood glucose control group over at least 10 years of study.
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