Extensive identification and analysis of conserved small ORFs in animals.

sORFs in 3′UTRs reach marginal significance in some samples ( P = 0.02 for mouse brain and zebrafish).

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To assess putative functionality of the encoded peptides, we tested our candidates for signatures of purifying selection; in addition to the expected depletion of non-synonymous mutations in the multiple alignment when comparing to conservation-matched controls, we also found a weaker (but in many cases highly significant) depletion of non-synonymous SNPs.

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