Dopamine D4 receptor gene and religious affiliation correlate with dictator game altruism in males and not females: evidence for gender-sensitive gene × culture interaction.

Moreover, there is a highly significant gender difference for both Efficient and Fair behaviors: on average, females deviates 0.055 ( p < 0.001) more from the archetypical Efficient behavior while 0.040 less from the archetypical Fair behavior ( p < 0.001) than males, and thus are less efficiency oriented but more fair minded.

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After controlling for age and gender, the Christian × Non-4R/4R interaction remains marginally significant (coeff. = −0.036, p = 0.068).

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