Experience-dependent emergence of beta and gamma band oscillations in the primary visual cortex during the critical period.

By quantifying the normalized relative LFP power for both active and non-active brain states separately (see Methods), we found that in the active state, the relative power of the beta frequency (20–30 Hz) band markedly decreased from the pre-CP to the CP onwards (pre-CP: 1.03 ± 0.05, n = 16 mice; CP: 0.76 ± 0.03, n = 13; adult: 0.67 ± 0.02, n = 13), while the power in gamma frequency band (mean values in 50–60 Hz) displayed an increasing trend over the same periods (pre-CP: 0.95 ± 0.04; CP: 1.18 ± 0.08; Adult: 1.47 ± 0.06; Fig. 1E,G ).

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