Bilingualism and Musicianship Enhance Cognitive Control.

Neural Plast · 2016 · PMC4706931 · PMID 26819764

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0600

closest p · 1.2× alpha

0.0600

boldest claim

The sentences

marginally significantp = 0.06so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Results A Group (bilinguals, musicians, bilingual musicians, and controls) by Congruency (congruent, neutral, and incongruent) ANOVA conducted on response time data yielded a significant main effect of Congruency, F (2,430) = 453.58, p < 0.05, η p 2 = 0.68, a marginally significant main effect of Group, F (3,430) = 2.50, p = 0.06, η p 2 = 0.03, and a significant interaction between Group and Congruency, F (6,430) = 3.87, p < 0.05, η p 2 = 0.05.

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a numerical trendno p-value reported

Although not significant, there was a numerical trend toward bilinguals responding more slowly than other groups (particularly, musicians and bilingual musicians).

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