Population attributable fraction of mortality associated with tobacco smoking in Japan: a pooled analysis of three large-scale cohort studies.

J Epidemiol · 2008 · PMC4771610 · PMID 19075498

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

20 There have been recent changes in the prevalence of smoking in Japan, and a decreasing trend for males is becoming evident.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.