highly significantP < 0.001
Although the AMOVA indicated that most of the variation (~70 %) occurred among populations among regions ( F ST = 0.28, P < 0.001), the percentage of variation found among populations within the same region (3.2 %) as well as among the three regions (27.9 %) was also highly significant ( F SC = 0.04, P < 0.001; F CT = 0.18, P < 0.001).