Analyzing the Effects of Capacitances-to-Shield in Sample Probes on AC Quantized Hall Resistance Measurements

However, there are several points of concern: (a) our approximate and exact equations do not include the effects of wire-to-wire capacitances, and these may be significant; (b) the out-of-phase component of V H (3,4) has been reduced to about 1 × 10 −4 R H I Ot by removing lead 5, but great care must be taken to correct for the in-phase (phase defect) contributions of the bridge components used to null the out-of-phase signal because these in-phase (phase defect) signals can be unintentionally added to the real, second-order terms of the in-phase component of V H (3,4) in Eqs.

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