Immediate effects of cigar smoking on respiratory mechanics and exhaled biomarkers; differences between young smokers with mild asthma and otherwise healthy young smokers.

Frequency dependence of resistance(fdr = R5-R20), which is the most specific indicator of peripheral resistance [ 33 , 34 ], increased significantly in MA subgroup (+72.1 %), whereas it decreased significantly in HS-subgroup (−50 %), and the difference among the changes was highly significant ( p < 0.001, Fig. 1a ).

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