Geographic variation in wing size and shape of the grasshopper Trilophidia annulata (Orthoptera: Oedipodidae): morphological trait variations follow an ecogeographical rule.

The PCA of shape variability from PC1 score showed that the forewing shape differences were highly significant among the 39 populations (F 2, 39 = 146.562, P < 0.001); however, the shape variability from PC2 score (F 2, 39 = 0.151, P > 0.05) and PC3 score (F 2, 39 = 0.010, P > 0.05) were not significant.

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