Comprehensive review of epidemiological and animal studies on the potential carcinogenic effects of nicotine per se.

In a leukemia model driven by inoculation of rat leukemia cells and treated with cyclophosphamide for chemotherapy, nicotine had a borderline significant enhancing effect on the development of leukemia, i.e., nicotine was interpreted to impair the chemotherapy by cyclophosphamide, although only at the lowest of three cyclophosphamide doses.

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There was a numerical trend to a higher incidence of lung tumors in the nicotine-treated groups, which was not statistically significant.

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