Vitamin E administration may decrease the incidence of pneumonia in elderly males.

17 As to the findings in the other intervention trials on respiratory infections, Harman and Miller, 17 found no differences between the vitamin E and placebo groups, Graat et al 18 in their small study, found significant harm from vitamin E, and Meydani et al 19 found a marginally significant benefit.

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28 Our previous individual-level analysis of total mortality in the ATBC study found highly significant heterogeneity in the effects of vitamin E, which challenges the validity of calculating a single estimate of effect in meta-analyses.

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