Triterpenoid herbal saponins enhance beneficial bacteria, decrease sulfate-reducing bacteria, modulate inflammatory intestinal microenvironment and exert cancer preventive effects in ApcMin/+ mice.

Subsequent evaluation of molecules in relation to inflammatory response revealed that except IL-18, the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-23, FoxP3 and IL-17 were significantly elevated or showed an increasing trend in the Apc Min/+ mice compared with the WT (Figure 7C ).

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