Introduction Heart failure is one of the most common causes of hospitalization and death, with an increasing trend in the number of patients living with heart failure. 1 It has been acknowledged that several comorbid conditions and biomarkers are associated with disease progression and outcome in heart failure. 2 Indeed, because the thyroid hormones increase heart rate and cardiac contractility and decrease systemic vascular resistance, both overt hyper‐ and hypothyroidism can be a cause of heart failure.
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Subclinical hypothyroidism is an independent predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acute decompensated heart failure.
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