Molecular features of the cytotoxicity of an NHE inhibitor: Evidence of mitochondrial alterations, ROS overproduction and DNA damage.

HCT-116 cells treated with increasing concentrations of HMA (10-40 μM) for 24 h revealed a highly significant ( P < 0.001) dose-dependent increase in the amount of PI + /dead cells, reaching about 50 % at 35 μM and remaining significant at 40 μM HMA ( P < 0.001), even if the net number of PI + cells declined to about 40 % (Fig. 3a ).

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