Features that are possibly significant in determining the pathogenicity of any given DSA include antibody isotype (IgM versus IgG), class specificity (HLA class I versus class II), mean fluorescence intensity (MFI), antigenic specificity (i.e., native HLA class I molecules (nHLA) complexed with β 2-microglobulin and peptide versus denatured HLA (dHLA) containing α -chain only), titer, and ability to fix complement.
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The Humoral Theory of Transplantation: Epitope Analysis and the Pathogenicity of HLA Antibodies.
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