Breeding progress, environmental variation and correlation of winter wheat yield and quality traits in German official variety trials and on-farm during 1983-2014.

Theor Appl Genet · 2017 · PMC5215243 · PMID 27796431

Europe PMC DOI

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highly significantno p-value reported

a., whereas the loss observed in the VCU trials of −7.0% (−46.6 ml year −1 ) was highly significant, but was generated by a strong and highly significant non-genetic trend of −0.24% (−1.574 ml year −1 ) p. a.

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a positive trendno p-value reported

On-farm progress in quality traits clearly exceeds that observed in VCU trials; for protein concentration even a positive trend was observed on-farm.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.