Mitochondrial DNA copy number augments performance of A₁C and oral glucose tolerance testing in the prediction of type 2 diabetes.

While smoking history and a family history of diabetes showed marginal significance in the baseline data ( p = 0.21 and 0.09, respectively), they showed substantial significance in the analysis of the first follow-up data ( p = 5.89 × 10 −5 and 3.88 × 10 −3 ).

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In the analysis of the data for the second follow-up, there was a notable trend in the significance of the mtDNA-CN and glucose metabolism variables.

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Moreover, the p values between nondiabetes and diabetes were highly significant in all follow-ups.

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