The Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Nervous System Effects of Two Natural Sources of Caffeine in Healthy Adult Males.

A marginally significant increase in epinephrine (+3.21 μg/gCr, P = 0.034 ) and a statistically significant increase in glutamate (+20.70 μMol/gCr, P = 0.005 ) post‐GCE dose are consistent with evidence that certain doses of caffeine can augment the release of excitatory neurotransmitters. 23 A similar increase in epinephrine was observed postcontrol dose but not post‐GLE dose.

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Postsynthetic control dose, an 8.6% decrease in dopamine was observed that was individually statistically significant (−11.94 μg/gCr, P = 0.035 ), but not at the level needed to reject the null hypothesis given the set of comparisons, and levels of epinephrine increased by 64% from baseline (+2.78 μg/gCr, P = 0.01 ), which remained marginally statistically significant among the set of comparisons.

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