highly significantp < 0.001
Highly significant associations ( p < 0.001) were found in qPCR results per pairs of compartments (i.e., cord-placenta, cord-mother, and placenta-mother) ( Table 3(a) ): Cord-placenta: 45% (62/137) of subjects were negative in both compartments, 19% (26/137) had the same species in both compartments (69% (18/26) P. falciparum , 27% (7/26) P. vivax , and 4% (1/26) mixed), and 36% (49/137) had discordant results.