Serum cytokine levels related to exposure to volatile organic compounds and PM<sub>2.5</sub> in dwellings and workplaces in French farmers - a mechanism to explain nonsmoking COPD.

Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis · 2017 · PMC5426466 · PMID 28503065

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0800

closest p · 1.6× alpha

0.0800

boldest claim

The sentences

borderline significanceP =0.08so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Relationship between IL/cytokine levels and respiratory symptoms and diseases Subjects with morning cough in the past 12 months had lower levels of IL5 and IL10 with borderline significance ( P =0.08 and P =0.09, respectively; Table 2 ).

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highly significantno p-value reported

However, in spite of the small sample size, we observed highly significant relationships that do not seem to be due to chance.

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