Nutrient and herbivore alterations cause uncoupled changes in producer diversity, biomass and ecosystem function, but not in overall multifunctionality.

The addition of consumers (either with ambient or increased nutrients) or the addition of fertilizer (without grazers) led to marginally significant overall changes in structural variables (respectively, t 2 = −3.28, −16.26, 3.97; p = 0.082, 0.004, 0.058; Fig. 3A,B ), while the addition of fertilizer in grazed plots did not lead to change( t 2 = −1.30; p = 0.32; Fig. 3B ).

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