Interpreting surveys to estimate the size of the monarch butterfly population: Pitfalls and prospects.

If we simply use the number of stems in agricultural and non-agricultural habitats to determine shifting proportions, the corrected NABA counts are still correlated with the size of the overwintering population (R 2 = 0.58, F 1,14 = 19.43, β = 0.019, p < 0.001) and show in accordance with the milkweed limitation hypothesis a decreasing trend over the years (R 2 = 0.35, F 1,14 = 7.68, β = -14.9, p = 0.015).

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