highly significantP < 0.0001
Regarding schistosomiasis, cysteine peptidases, such as papain, Schistosoma mansoni cathepsin B1 (SmCB1) and cathepsin L3 (SmCL3) and Fasciola hepatica cathepsin L1 (FhCL1) do not induce allergic reactions in mice or hamsters and were shown instead to elicit reproducible and highly significant ( P < 0.0001) reduction of 50–65% in challenge S. mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium infection, via generation of polarized (papain, SmCL3, FhCL)- or predominant (SmCB1) type 2 responses involving release of TSLP, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and generation of IgG1 antibodies [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] .