Impact of birth weight on adult-onset diabetes mellitus in relation to current body mass index: The Japan Nurses' Health Study.

This is because the majority of the study population was born before 1980, when an increasing trend in birth weight was observed in the entire Japanese population (female infants: 3060 g in 1960, 3140 g in 1980, and 2990 g in 2000). 15 Thus, it is possible that birth weights acted as a surrogate of a cohort effect.

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