Using experimental de-worming to measure the immunological and pathological impacts of lungworm infection in cane toads.

Although only two melanomacrophages were observed, they both occurred in toads with heavy parasite infections, generating a barely significant correlation with infection level (n = 15, Spearman r = 0.52, p = 0.04; Fig. 3 C). 3.3 Long-term effects of de-worming on immune response The five free-ranging and 11 captive toads treated with anthelmintic drugs had significantly fewer Rhabdias than the six free-ranging and eight captive control toads (1.28 vs. 27.45; F 3,29 = 84.53, p < 0.01).

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