Combination immunohistochemistry for SMAD4 and Runt-related transcription factor 3 may identify a favorable prognostic subgroup of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas.

When the clinicopathological features were compared according to SMAD4 and RUNX3 expression status (Table 2 ), we found SMAD4 loss was associated with increased tumor size ( p = 0.030), higher pN stage (AJCC 8th ed.) ( p = 0.035), poor histological differentiation ( p = 0.051) and higher pT stage (AJCC 8th ed.) ( p = 0.054), although the latter two parameters were marginally significant.

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