Temporal trends in arthropod abundances after the transition to organic farming in paddy fields.

In contrast to the above pest insects, there was a highly significant effect of farming type on the abundances of larval lepidopterans ( Table 1 ), with higher abundances for organic farming ( S1 Appendix ).

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Planthoppers showed variable trends, i.e., increasing trends in the early and late seasons, but a decreasing trend in the middle season (early August) ( Fig 1 ).

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Stink bugs showed an increasing trend in the early season (late July), but no trends in early and late August, when their abundance became high ( S1 Appendix ).

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