marginally significantp = 0.019
Independent sample t tests showed a marginally significant effect of phone use for the stair 1 ( t (13.8) = 2.65, p = 0.019, d = 1.17), and significant increases in walking times when using a phone for stairs 2 ( t (22.4) = 4.84, p < 0.001, d = 1.71) and stairs 3 ( t (12.1) = 3.04, p = 0.010, d = 1.48).