Impact of laparoscopy on the prevention of pulmonary complications after thoracoscopic esophagectomy using data from JCOG0502: a prospective multicenter study.

Univariable analysis showed that thoracoscopy (shown above) and less blood loss (<350 mL 16.3%, ≥350 mL 30.2%; p = 0.022) were associated with PPC prevention, whereas laparoscopy showed a borderline significant association (laparoscopy 15.4%, laparotomy 26.9%; p = 0.079).

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Multivariable analysis identified both thoracoscopy (Odds ratio, 0.40; 95% confidence interval, 0.16–1.04; p = 0.059) and preoperative partial pressure of O 2 (PaO 2 ) in arterial blood (Odds ratio, 0.50; 95% confidence interval, 0.24–1.02; p = 0.057) as preventive factors with borderline significance.

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