Impact of treatment and re-treatment with artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine on selection of Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance gene-1 polymorphisms in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Uganda.

There was borderline significant directional selection for Pfmdr1 184F in recurrent malaria infections after treatment with AL in Uganda site (p = 0.05).

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However, on both sites, there was no evidence of drug-mediated selection in either phase except the observed borderline directional selection for Pfmdr1 184F and borderline significance for Pfmdr1 N86 in recurrent infections after AL treatment ( Table 3 ).

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