Meta-analysis reveals that reproductive strategies are associated with sexual differences in oxidative balance across vertebrates.

There was a significant association between unsigned effect size and taxonomic class ( Q M = 29.46, df = 3, P < 0.001); effect size estimates were significantly larger in fish than birds and mammals (both P < 0.001) and in reptiles than birds ( P = 0.01), while the difference between mammals and reptiles was close to significance ( P = 0.07; P = 0.04 when both strain and study environment are included as moderators) ( Figure 1A ).

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