18 A third Swedish study reported no association in the main analysis but found a borderline significant association for boys in a multivariate analysis (OR: 1.2; 95% CI: 1.0–1.4). 14 One small study from southern England reported a nonsignificantly decreased risk of celiac disease for those born by cesarean section (OR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.07–1.17). 16 Large observational cohort studies from Norway 13 , Italy, 19 and Denmark 17 found no association between all types of cesarean section and celiac disease.
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