a decreasing trendP < 0.01
33 An interrupted time-series study in 47 private hospitals in South Africa found a decreasing trend of antibiotic use during the implementation phase of the intervention (−0.56 defined daily doses per 100 bed-days per month; P < 0.01; Table 3 ). 29 The trend was sustained in the 20 months post-implementation (−0.20 defined daily doses per 100 bed-days per month; P < 0.05).