Meta-analysis of the association of the haptoglobin genotype with cardiovascular outcomes and the pharmacogenomic interactions with vitamin E supplementation.

25 Furthermore, a retrospective analysis of the Helsinki Stroke Aging Memory trial of 378 patients who previously experienced a stroke showed that the combined risk of ischemic CV death was 2.4-fold higher among patients with at least one Hp 2 allele but only showed a nonsignificant trend toward an association with subsequent ischemic strokes. 26 Interestingly, another study found that the Hp 1-1 haplotype was associated with lacunar stroke in young patients lacking silent lacunar infarcts or extensive white matter lesions. 27 Likewise, a prospective study found an association between the Hp 1-1 haplotype and an increased risk of stroke in type 1 diabetic patients. 28 These studies highlight that the relationship between the Hp genotype and risk of stroke might be different from coronary artery disease.

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