highly significantp ≤ 0.01
Statistical differences were designated as significant if p-values were less than 0.05 (*p ≤ 0.05), and highly significant if P-values were less than 0.01 (**p ≤ 0.01) or less than 0.001 (***p ≤ 0.001). 3 Results 3.1 Scaffold structure Fig. 1 summarizes the structures of the studied scaffolds, namely PLA, PLA/G5 and the bi-layered scaffolds.