Prevalence of patent foramen ovale in cryptogenic transient ischaemic attack and non-disabling stroke at older ages: a population-based study, systematic review, and meta-analysis.

The association between RLS and cryptogenic events in patients older than 60 years found in the OXVASC study (based on 112 detected PFOs) was consistent with two previous smaller bubble-TCD studies of older age groups (based on 44 28 and 31 29 PFOs; figure 1 ), yielding a highly significant pooled estimate (OR 2·35, 95% CI 1·42–3·90; p=0·0009; p heterogeneity =0·15).

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