Pressure-Gradient Turbulent Boundary Layers Developing Around a Wing Section.

4 (top) shows an increasing trend up to a maximum value of C f = 5.2 × 10 −3 , and this maximum is reached at x s s / c = 0.23 and R e θ = 368, the point at which the R e τ curve in Fig. 3 (bottom) exhibits a change of slope.

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Figure 3 (top) also shows the evolution of β on the pressure side, which exhibits an interesting trend due to the curvature of the lower side of the NACA4412 profile, starting from a very mild FPG, reaching APG conditions at x p s / c ≃ 0.25, and then returning to the very mild FPG region with a local minimum at x p s / c ≃ 0.4.

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