Quality of occlusal outcome following space closure in cases of lower second premolar aplasia using lingual orthodontic molar mesialization without maxillary counterbalancing extraction.

There was not only no deterioration in the initial mean sagittal canine relationships (mean 3.5 mm deviation at T0), but instead a highly significant ( p < 0.001) reduction to a mean 0.1 mm at T3 (Tables 3 and 4 ).

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