highly significantp=1.7*10 -6
When applying this approach to ISO and SHORT birds, we find an offset of βiso=0.19 and a nonzero fixed effect of tutoring βshort=0.08 that was highly significant ((βshort≠0, p=1.7*10 -6 , 32 observations, 2 fixed effect coefficients, 8 random effect coefficients).