a trend toward significancep = 0.0724
Piglets in the sham treatment group grimaced significantly less than those in the 1.0 mg/kg MEL-castrated and 6.0 mg/kg KET-castrated piglets ( p = 0.0101 and p = 0.0491, respectively), with a trend toward significance found between sham and 0.4 mg/kg MEL-castrated piglets ( p = 0.0724).