Separating memoranda in depth increases visual working memory performance.

The probability of swapping (i.e., nontarget reports; Figure 3C ) did not depend on whether the items were spatially close or far away from each other in 2-D space, F (1, 26) = 1.633, p = 0.213, and there was a nonsignificant trend toward more swap errors when targets were presented on different depth planes, F (1, 26) = 3.211, p = 0.085.

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