HIV-1 vaccination by needle-free oral injection induces strong mucosal immunity and protects against SHIV challenge.

In addition to ADCVI activity, we found a significant correlation with anti-Env CD4+ T-cell response after the second cycP-gp120 immunization, as well as a positive trend in anti-V2 antibodies with delayed SHIV acquisition, supporting recent studies highlighting the importance of V2-specific antibodies in the human efficacy trials 34 , 38 , 54 as well as both V2-specific antibodies and T-cell responses in non-human primate studies evaluating poxvirus/gp120 vaccination 55 , 56 .

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