Finally, a recent longitudinal study of HIV+ individuals on stable cART showed that neurocognitive decline was associated with marginally significant longitudinal decreases in BGNAA ( Gongvatana et al. 2013 ) and another recent longitudinal study found sharply decreasing NAA in the posterior cingulate cortex in progressing HAND, relative to an HIV− group ( Cysique et al. 2018 ).
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