This is in contrast to earlier studies where the prevalence was found to be higher in Tamil Nadu than expected, involving even populations that were not at high risk.[ 9 ] The prevalence of HIV in the community was found to range from 1.8% to 7.4% in earlier studies.[ 9 , 10 ] Various studies have reported a decline in HIV prevalence across the country,[ 11 , 12 ] whereas other studies have reported an increasing trend, such as the study by Gupta et al. that reports an increase from 0.7% in 2003–2004 to 0.9% in 2005–2006.[ 13 ] Our study showed a declining trend in HIV prevalence among pregnant women.
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